EBSU Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities

TECHNICAL USE OF LANGUAGE AND NEW MEDIA TO ATTAIN COLLABORATIVE PROFESSIONALISM, SOCIAL INTEGRATION AND NATION-BUILDING

Goodluck Chigbo Nwode — 2025-05-04

The role of language and new media in attaining collaboration among professionals of different fields and peoples of different ethno-religious backgrounds cannot be over-emphasised. The aim of this study is to prove its assertion that language and new media can be used technically to attain collaborative professionalism, social integration and nation-building. In proving it, the study relies on evidence from extant literatures, and oral data from 168 participants engaged in focus group discussion. The descriptive survey design and qualitative method along with the allied tools are employed for data analysis. The analysis demonstrates that collaborative professionalism, social integration and nation-building can be attained when language and new media are used technically and appropriately. The study concludes that while appropriate use of language and new media engenders collaborative professionalism, social integration and nation-building, the otherwise use causes incoherent professionalism, social disintegration, national underdevelopment and issues of intergroup relations. It calls for collaboration and interdisciplinary partnership among professionals of the different fields of human endeavors. Also, it charges all and sundry to use language and new media appropriately at all times.

EFFECT OF AUDIT FIRM ATTRIBUTES ON FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY OF QUOTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA, 2009 – 2022

Moses Agashi Aloh — 2025-05-04

The specific objectives of the study were audit tenure; audit report time lag; audit remuneration and audit firm age on financial reporting quality of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. The bank size was introduced as a control variable. Ex-post-facto research design was adopted through secondary data from audited and published financial statements of ten banks that existed during the research. Descriptive test was used to determine the characteristics of dependent and independent variables. Probability value at 0.05 significant level was developed. Correlation test and Panel analysis of Pooled, Fixed and Random effect OLS were used. Hausman specification test adopted chose Random Effect Model. The study discovered that audit tenure had positive and significant effect; audit report time lag had negative and no significant effect; audit remuneration had positive and significant effect while audit firm age had positive and no significant effect. The study concludes that all the audit firm attributes decomposed have significant influence on banks’ financial reporting quality. The study recommends that audit tenure should be maintained adequately since it has significant contribution to auditors’ quality and financial reporting quality of deposit money banks in Nigeria.

THEATRE AND SOCIAL INTEGRATION

Treasure Okoronkwor Nwani — 2025-05-04

High-profile corruption, injustice, moral decadence, insurgency among the numerous challenges facing the country present themes for the theatre. Over the years, theatre has served as an instrument of socio-political revolution around the world. Though critical works abound on the ideology as well as the approaches for social integration in play texts, studies have not sufficiently examined the collectivism in the role of characters as revolutionary alternatives to the socio-political and economic maladies. It is on this note that this paper critically focuses on the use of collective heroism in achieving radical change in the plays under study. In doing this, this paper engages the social criticism theory and the Marxist theory predicated on content analysis of texts to explore the use of revolutionary characters as social vilification of the Nigerian polity. Nwokedi and Hangmen also Die are reviewed as plays that have been proactively employed to unearth the social dislocations and decadence of the society with the vision to bring about social conscientisation, edification and mass action for social change. The findings reveal that a radical play fully identify with human right activism to release the masses from the clutches of bad governance. Also, findings show that the mass of the economically deprived people need to rise up collectively as heroes to save themselves instead of waiting for an individual to do it for them. The paper concludes that the select plays led a new tradition in the reformation of the body polity of the nation.

UNEMPLOYMENT AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Job Fortunate OGBONNAYA — 2025-05-04

Africa is blessed with both human and natural resources. These resources are the attractions of foreign investors who thrive to reap the gains of these natural endowments. Surprisingly, some of the African countries have low economic development and high unemployment due to their inability to fully harness her natural endowments. The rising rate of unemployment in midst of rising trend of inflow of foreign direct investment in African economy is disturbing especially with the surging level of poverty in the region. The study therefore explored the effect of FDI on unemployment rate in Sub Saharan Africa. This study investigated the short-run and long-run relationship between Foreign Direct investment (FDI) and unemployment in some selected African Countries. The study adopted non linear ARDL panel data analysis and made use of 25 African countries, randomly selected across four regional blocks during a period of 21 years. From the result, FDI was found to have on the average reduced the level of unemployment. One percent increase in foreign direct investment on the average exerts significant effect on unemployment rate in Africa sub region. Specifically, an increase in FDI by one per cent reduces the rate of unemployment by about 0.097 per cent in SSA countries. Education and population have positive and significant influence on the level of unemployment rate in Africa Sub region. Inflation rate which was used as control variable did not exert any significant influence on unemployment. The study therefore recommends that the government should continue to foster enabling fiscal and monetary policies that will attract more foreign direct investments for the purposes of tackling rising unemployment and ginger economic growth. It should also restructure the continent’s academic curriculum that should impart the requisite skills to meet the industry’s demands and suit the employments requirements of the foreign investors.

EXPLORING DIGITAL HUMANITIES RESOURCES, CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Jonathan Ndubuisi CHIMAH — 2025-05-04

Digital humanities (DH), also known as ‘humanities computing’, uses digital methods to delve deeper into humanities subjects like history, literature or arts. It is an interdisciplinary field, suitable if you have a background in humanities and the arts, as well as if you have an interest in computing or information technology. In this paper, digital humanities has been conceptualized, the DH resources and research areas are discussed. Types of digital materials are presented. Also technological challenges affecting its implementation are identified and solutions are proffered. Programmes, and courses being offered in Digital Humanities studies as well as career perspectives of the digital humanities librarians or social scientist are explained. Ex-post facto research method was employed to this study as the independent variables were studied in retrospect for seeking possible relation and the likely effects on dependent variables. Literature-based data was analyzed qualitatively and inferences drawn from them. The paper concludes with recommendations which include that librarians and other experts in the humanities should collaborate in their digitally teaching and research activities in the humanities and social sciences and humanities fields.

HOST COMMUNITY AND TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS’ CONFLICTS IN OGUN STATE

Adedayo Oyewole SOFADEKAN — 2025-05-04

Like in many other states across the country, in Ogun State, conflicts between host community and tertiary institutions students have been a persistent issue, causing violence, property destruction, and loss of life. It is on this premise that this study is undertaken, to examine the host community and tertiary institution student conflicts in Ogun State: A study of OOU and TASUED host communities. The study adopted a desk review method, primarily utilising secondary data sources, and the Intergroup Contact Theory was used as the theoretical framework. The paper reveals that the host community and tertiary institution student conflicts in Ogun State are multi-dimensional, involving factors such as socio-cultural differences, inadequate security infrastructure, poor governance, and communication breakdowns. It also exposed that the absence of effective security personnel can lead to vigilante justice, as seen in the 2023 TASUED conflict, where host community members took matters into their own hands. It revealed that whenever these conflicts erupt they usually disrupt academic activities, damage properties, and result in fatalities or injuries, negatively impacting students' education and causing immense distress for affected families and communities. It concluded that the experiences of tertiary institutions in Ogun State can provide valuable lessons for other Nigerian and African institutions, emphasising the need to tackle complex issues causing host community and tertiary institution students’ conflicts. It therefore, recommended that the regular dialogue and engagement between the two can help to dispel misconceptions, foster cooperation, and find solutions to shared problems.

DIMINUTIVE REFERENCES IN PERSONAL NAMES AMONG ABAKALIKI PEOPLE OF EBONYI

Glory Onyome Ozo — 2025-05-04

Personal names are identity labels for both the individuals bearing them and their cultural societies. This study is aimed at exploring the etymologies of the nwa names among the Abakaliki people of Ebonyi State, with a view to determining their meaningfulness or opacity. Data are drawn from observation, oral interviews with forty (40) learned and culturally informed participants, and library and internet secondary sources. Content analysis and systematic review are deployed in the analysis of the gathered data. The study leans on JS Mill’s theory of Connotation vs. Denotation Distinction (CDD) to argue and show that personal names, including the nwa names among the Abakaliki people, have both connotative and denotative meanings and references amidst complexity. The analysis proves the meaningfulness of the nwa names on cultural and pragmatic grounds and thereby shows that the names are not diminutive as erroneously or narrowly perceived by many. The study concludes that the references to various non-human entities are what make many people in contemporary times to consider most African indigenous names as being diminutive, but they are actually not. The study calls on Africans to uphold and promote their indigenous systems and identities, such as the nwa names among the Abakaliki people, across generations regardless of the sustained contact with the West and the emergent trends of globalisation.

NLEBAANYA NA NKWUHIE DỊ NA MKPARỊTA ỤKA NDỊ ỌCHỊCHỊ NAỊJIRỊA AHỌỌRỌ

Chioma M. Akaeze — 2025-05-04

Nchọcha a lebara anya na nkwujọ na nkwuhịe ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ndị ọchịchị na ndị ọrụ gọmenti Naijirịa n’okwu ọha. Mbunuche nchọcha a bụ inyocha okwu dị iche iche nke ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke ndị ọrụ gọọmenti n’ọha. Ndị nchọcha jiri atụtụ nkwuhịe ọnụ nke Freud ma ọ bụ atụtụ paraprazis ma gbasoro usoro nkọwa kwọlitetiv nyọchaa nchọcha a. Nchọcha a nyọchara okwu iri na atọ nke ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị ọrụ gọmentị na Naijirịa. Nchọpụta e nwetara na nchọcha a gosiri na nkwujọ na nkwuhie na-esite n’ime ahụ ma na-adapụta mmadụ na-amaghị ama. Ndị nchọcha chọpụtara na nkwujọ na nkwuhie okwu na-adapụta mgbe mmadụ bu ihe ọzọ n’obi ma hụ onwe ya ikwupụta ihe ọzọ bụkwa nke a hụtara n’ebe ụfọdụ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị ọrụ gọmentị nọ n’obodo Naijịrịa. Nchọcha a na-atụzi aka ka ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị ọrụ gọmentị bụrụ ndị ga-agbalị imata iwu dị n’ụtọ asụsụ nke asụsụ ha chọrọ iji mepụta okwu ma nwee mkpachapụ anya mgbe ọ bụla ha na-emepụta okwu n’ọha iji gbanahụ ma gbochie nkwujọ na nkwuhie.

EFFECT OF AUDIT FIRM ATTRIBUTES ON FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY OF QUOTED DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA, 2009 – 2022

Moses Agashi Aloh — 2025-05-04

IMPAECT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ACCOUNTING MECHANISMS ON TAX AGGRRESSIVENESS OFSELECTED LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA

DENNIS UDAMA UDAMA — 2025-05-04

The study examined the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on tax aggressiveness of selected listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria for the period, 2010 – 2023. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the impact of board independence, board size, audit committee and board gender diversity. The study adopted ex-post facto research design which enabled panel data to be extracted from the annual reports and accounts of nine (9) selected listed industrial goods firms listed on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group for the period of 14 years, spanning from 2010-2023. The study conducted descriptive statistical test in order to determine the individual characteristics of the model variables. Pearson Correlation Matrix Test was also carried out to ascertain the strength and magnitude of the relationship between corporate governance variables and tax aggressiveness of the sampled firms. Presence of multicollinarity among the explanatory variables was checked using the conventional Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) so as to determine the extent of their correlation. The study made use of general multiple regression analyses anchored on ordinary least square (OLS) pooled panel regression model, fixed effect and random effect regression models to estimate the empirical relationship between components of corporate governance employed in the study and the dependent variable at 0.05 level of significance. Hausman specification test was further carried out in order to determine the most appropriate model between the fixed effect model and random effect model in testing the hypotheses of the study; which favoured random effect regression model. The results of the analysis revealed that board independence and audit committee had negative and significant impact of tax aggressiveness of the selected listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. Also, the study discovered that board size and board gender diversity had positive and significant impact on tax aggressiveness of the sampled firms. The implication of these findings is that corporate governance practices had significant influence on tax aggressiveness of the sampled industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study therefore concluded that the independent variables employed as proxies for corporate governance mechanisms are relevant in estimating tax aggressiveness of the sampled firms. The study therefore recommended that there will be a need to rely largely on the role of external auditors who are expected to be neutral in resolving the conflicting interest between the shareholders who want to maximize profit and the government, who want to maximize tax revenue.

ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-POLITICAL RELEVANCE OF BENIN CRAFT GUILDS PRIOR TO 1897

Roberts Osatohanmwen Asemota — 2025-05-04

The treasure of ancient Benin Kingdom acquired in history have been the discovery of Benin famous works of arts by European. Consequently, that exposed the great artistic creations to unbelievable height of craft Guilds. In fact, the traditional leadership of Benin kingdom in Pre-colonial period promoted cultural understanding and respect for the cultural institutions (guilds) and through pragmatic approach of the communities within territorial authority of Benin kings. Of course, this western partnership transformed the socio-political and economic structures of Benin empire to a modern African State through the sustainable growth and development of guilds system thus promoting the livelihood of Craftsmen and protecting the cultural heritage of Benin kingdom. Therefore, this study set to examine the relevance of European visits before 1897 and reveals the economic and sociopolitical significance of Benin craft guilds. The data is based on archived sources, interview, observation and extant literature. Hence there is need for government for better financing and training, of which it will improve the commitment and skills of the craftsmen in Benin society.

IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA (2010-2022)

Victor Amobi Omeh — 2025-05-04

The study examined the impact of environmental costs on the financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the impact of waste management cost, environmental remediation cost, employee health and safety cost and community development cost on the financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study adopted ex-post facto research design which enabled data to be extracted from the annual reports and accounts of eleven sampled industrial goods firms quoted on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group for the period of 13 years, spanning from 2010-2022. The study made use of ordinary least square (OLS) pooled panel regression model, fixed effect and random effect regression models to estimate the empirical relationship between components of environmental costs employed in the study and the dependent variable at 0.05 level of significance. The outcome of the study revealed that waste management cost had negative and significant impact on the financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria; while environmental remediation cost, employee health and safety cost and community development cost had positive and significant impact on the financial performance of the listed industrial goods firms. The implication of the findings is that environmental accounting practices employed by the sampled firms are relevantly in estimating their financial performance. The study concluded that environmental accounting practices have contributed significantly in the enhancement of financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study recommended that listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria should adopt standard environmental accounting practices and adequate provisions for employees’ welfare and community development should be made in order to encourage workers and improve on the community for sustainable optimal productivity that would lead to improved financial performance.

INDISPENSABLE GLOBAL ROLE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE FOR SUSTENANCE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Uche Ethel Eneh-Onyejeli — 2025-05-04

Throughout human history, the primacy of language has never been in doubt. A language achieves genuine global status when its use for communication has special effects recognized universally. Today, it is almost impossible to escape the global influence of the English language. Its importance as a means of communication is incalculable and indispensable. By the 21st century, English has been widely accepted and is used as a common language for communication, making the world more interconnected and accessible. This paper explores the reasons why learning English is essential, its role in global sustainable development goals, and how it sustains these goals, using Nigeria as a case study. Key terminologies framing the research are discussed in relation to the topic. The paper links the essential reasons for learning English to its role in achieving development goals, establishing the language's prime influence worldwide through common global communication. Recommendations are provided on how to sustain English communication to ensure its role in supporting sustainable development goals, particularly in Nigeria and globally.

FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA

Chinedu Jude EZE — 2025-05-04

Financial inclusion is very important in mobilizing savings from the downtrodden and channeling same towards productive investment. If the downtrodden is financially included in financial services of a country, per capita income of the people would improve leading to poverty reduction in the economy. Thus, this study investigated the effect of financial inclusion on poverty reduction in Nigeria from 1990 to 2021. In order to achieve the objectives of this research, financial inclusion was disaggregated into money supply, number of commercial banks in the rural areas, and commercial bank deposits in the rural areas. Others include number of microfinance banks, microfinance bank deposits, point of sale and automated teller machine; with the time series data sourced from the CBN statistical bulletin, volume 32, 2021, indexmundi and world development indicators, 2021. Multiple regression analysis was utilized in the study in which the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was the method of analysis. The ARDL model was engaged to examine the long-run relationship and short-run interactions among the variables. The results indicated that access to banks had a positive and significant effect on income per capita proxied for poverty reduction in Nigeria. Similarly, the results showed that ATM usage, bank penetration, and mobile banking exert positive and insignificant influence on poverty reduction proxy. These results imply that 1% improvement in access to banks, ATM usage, bank penetration, and mobile banking would lead to increase in poverty reduction proxy. On the above notes, the study recommended for more implementation of financial inclusion policies aimed at including more people in the remote areas into financial services. This can be done by mandating commercial banks and other financial service providers to extend their financial services to rural areas with effective monitoring. Furthermore, financial sector policies should be implemented to ensure more spread of automated teller machine in the hinterland. In so doing, automated teller machine would significantly contribute to per capita income proxied for poverty reduction in Nigeria.

INFLUENCE OF TELEVISION ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF DANO MILK IN ENUGU EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ENUGU STATE

Grace Amarachi Isiani — 2025-05-04

This study examined the influence of television advertising on consumer buying behaviour of Dano milk in Enugu East Local Government Area of Enugu State. The study was anchored on research. Both qualitative and quantitative research designs were as well employed. Taro Yamani formula of sample size determination was used to calculate the sample size of 390 for the study of which 388 copies of the questionnaire were considered valid and was used for the analysis. The data obtained were analyzed using tables and simple percentage. The researcher found out that majority of Enugu East LGA residents were highly exposed to television advertisements on DSTV channel 154 Africa Magic Family. The researcher also discovered that high price of Dano milk and lack of access to the advertisement since it was on DSTV channel, environment among others are the major inhibitors that affects consumer buying behaviour of the product. The researcher therefore recommended that advertisement of this nature should be done on local television channels so as to enhance large viewership since DSTV subscription is high and not everyone can afford it. Secondly, that Arla Nigeria Plc should be considerate in placement of prices on their product so as to increase high purchasing habit.

THE POLITICS AND ECONOMY OF ELECTION VIOLENCE IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC

Ikenna Ukpabi Unya — 2025-05-04

Although election violence in Nigeria dates back to pre-independence era, it has become more frequent and deadly since the Fourth Republic that began in 1999. With over 626 deaths in election-related violence in 2019, observer groups believe that the 2019 general election remains one of the most violent in Nigeria’s electoral democracy. This paper examines the factors that underpin and sustain election violence in Nigeria, especially in the Fourth Republic. The argument here is that election violence in Nigeria is rooted in two mutually reinforcing politico-economic factors; the structure of the Nigerian state and its governance system, on the one hand, and the character and worldview of its ruling class elite, on the other. Findings indicate that election violence not only threatens the stability of electoral process, but it also undermines the legitimacy of electoral outcomes and political regimes. Thus, a radical alteration of the composition of the political class elite through a repudiation of the age long process of political leadership may be one way of address the challenges of election violence in Nigeria.

A MOTHER DOES NOT WALK WITHOUT A DRINKING BOWL

Adeniyi Adeniyi — 2025-05-04

This paper presents an ethnolinguistic analysis of selected Yoruba proverbs with motherhood lexis. The Yoruba people of Nigeria have a rich cultural heritage that is encapsulated in their proverbs which reflect their worldview and provide insight into their culture, social norms and values. The study which was conducted through a qualitative content analysis of selected Yoruba proverbs with motherhood lexis brought forward some metaphorical expressions and linguistic features of the proverbs and offered awareness into gender roles and societal expectations placed on mothers thereby contributing to a better understanding of their status apart from shedding lights on the values, beliefs ,family dynamics and behavioural norms associated with motherhood in Yoruba culture.

TOWARDS A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE DEVIATIONS AND CHANGING PATTERNS IN IGBO PERSONAL AND PLACE NAME FORMS

Uchenna Patrick AZUBUIKE — 2025-05-04

Personal and place names (anthroponyms and toponyms) as an integral part of an identity, have been observed to have shifted from being meaning – oriented to being aesthetically given in the contemporary Igbo society. This study therefore, investigates the fundamental influence and ideology that informed this change in Igbo naming system and unearth the Anglicized twist given to Igbo spellings of our personal and place names. The descriptive analysis method relying on the Worfian linguistic relativity framework is adopted here to capture the differences in phonemic transcriptions between Igbo correct spellings and Anglicized version of some wrongly spelt Igbo anthroponyms and toponyms. Data for this study were gotten from the five eastern states in Nigeria. Findings of the study reveal that Anglicized versions of the Igbo personal and place names are marred with mispronunciation, semantic ambiguities and distortion/total loss of the intended meanings of the investigated personal and place names. Moreover, the changing phenomenon is motivated by religion, westernization, wrong education, ignorance and urbanization. This undoubtedly has encouraged identity reconstruction among the Igbo people which poses threats to Igbo language development and a possible extinction of a living race. In view of these, the study therefore, recommends legislations in each of the state house of assembly to reconstruct all the misspelt personal and place names to reflect the true identity of ndi Igbo.

Ihe Gbasara Ọnwụ na Akwamozu N’etiti Ndị Igbo

Ndubuisi Ogbonna AHAMEFULA — 2025-05-04

Ọnwụ bụ ihe a na-ahụ dịka oku dị oke mkpa nke mmadụ ọbụla ga-azarịrị. N’ihi ya, ihe niile nwere ndụ ga-anwụ anwụ ma ree ure. Akwamozu nke pụtara ili onye nwụrụ anwụ ka a na-ahụ dịka ịkwanyere onye nwụrụ anwụ ugwu. N’ihi ya, ihe ọmụmụ a bu n’uche ileba anya na nkọwa ihe bụ ọnwụ na etu e si eme akwamozu n’ala Igbo nke ga-ehibe isi n’obodo Amagunze di n’ọnụwa anyanwụ Nkanụ na Steeti Enugu, Naịjirịa. E nwetara data maka ihe ọmụmụ a site n’ajụjụ a gbara ndị mmadụ nakwa usoro nleta nsonye. Ihe ọmụmụ a gbasoro usoro nchọcha sọvee nkọwa. Site na nchọpụta e mere, ndị nchọcha chọpụtara na obodo Amagunze nwere emume akwamozu ụfọdụ a ga-emerịrị; tupu elie onye nwụrụ anwụ ma ka e lichara onye nwụrụ anwụ dịka usoro emume. Ihe ọmụmụ a kpakwara nkata banyere etu mmepe obodo na ọlọrọhụrụ si emetụta ọnọdụ akwamozu n’obodo Amagunze nke nwere uru na ọghọm ọ na-emetụta n’ala Igbo niile.